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Rather, they are attacking the methodology of criticism in general, the creation and use of standards and norms of all types. They do not seek to replace certain outdated norms of taste with others. It is worth noting that the âoutsidersâ who are attacking do not direct their polemic merely against the conservative modes of West German literary criticism. Yet the latest attacks on this cultural institution have raised questions that must be heard, even though from the viewpoint of institutionalized criticism they must be considered illegitimate. When asked why, it could only answer that it was performing a function vital to the maintenance of the literary system of communication. In this sense established literary criticism has always considered it self-evident that its role is necessary. The current conflict appears to involve not the formation of new blocs squaring off within the institutional framework, but rather an attack on the institution itself, an attack which, to be sure, incorporates the familiar structure of the struggle between young and old.Īny intellectual system permits certain questions to be raised while rejecting others as irrelevant. 1 Such conflicts belong to the internal history of literary criticism, a discipline which, with only slight exaggeration, could be described as being in a state of permanent crisis. The most recent attacks on literary criticism therefore do not represent just another typical generation conflict of youth versus Establishment. Such questioning uncovers the tacitly accepted social determinants which underlie the institution. They are brought into view only when the meaning and the function of the institution are called into question.
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Schmidt and Smith also translated essay 2, âKunsturteil und Tagesbericht: Zur äesthetischen Theorie des späten Heine,â which was originally published in Heinrich Heine: Artistik und Engagement, edited by Wolfgang Kuttenkeuler (Stuttgart, 1977).
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4, Wisconsin Workshop, edited by Reinhold Grimm and Jost Hermand, Frankfurt, 1974). 1, 1971) âDas Ende einer Institution? Der Streit über die Funktion der Literaturkritikâ (first published in Revolte und Experiment: Die Literatur der sechziger Jahre in Ost und West, Heidelberg, 1972) âPromoter, Konsumenten und Kritiker: Zur Rezeption des Bestsellersâ (first published in Popularität und Trivialität, Vol. Their original titles are: âLiteraturkritik und Ãffentlichkeitâ (first published in Lili: Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik, Vol. Verlag, 1974), and are presented here as essays 1, 3, and 5. Schmidt and Ronald Smith translated the three studies that first appeared in my essay collection Literaturkritik und Ãffentlichkeit (Munich, R. With the exception of the introduction, all essays in this volume have been translated from the German. The Institution of Criticism ACKNOWLEDGMENTS